تبیین شرط‌بندی‌های ورزشی دانشجویان دانشگاه‌های شهر رشت از دیدگاه نظریه یادگیری اجتماعی ایکرز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه مازندران

2 دانشجوی دکتری بررسی مسائل اجتماعی ایران، دانشگاه مازندران

3 دانشیار جامعه‌شناسی دانشگاه گیلان

4 کارشناس‌ارشد جامعه‌شناسی دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش تبیین فرایند درگیری افراد در شرط‌بندی‌های ورزشی است. بدین‌منظور با استفاده از نمونه‌ای به حجم 272 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه‌های شهر رشت و عملیاتی کردن نظریه یادگیری ایکرز فرضیات پژوهش به آزمون کشیده شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که همبستگی معکوس و معناداری بین ابعاد نظریه یادگیری اجتماعی یعنی پیوند افتراقی، تقویت‌کننده‌های افتراقی، تقلید و تعاریف و میزان مصرف و تمایل به شرط‌بندی‌های ورزشی پاسخگویان وجود دارد. همچنین مدل رگرسیونی تحقیق نشان داد که ابعاد مفهومی نظریه یادگیری اجتماعی می‌توانند 41 ردصد تغییرات میزان مصرف شرط‌بندی‌های ورزشی و 47 درصد از تغییرات میزان تمایل به شرط‌بندی‌های ورزشی را پیش‌بینی نمایند. در ادامه آن‌دسته از پاسخگویانی که به شکل افراطی و پاتولوژیک درگیری شرط‌بندی‌‌های ورزشی هستند تأثیرات اجتماعی و محیطی بالاتری را در مقایسه با قماربازان گهگاهی و غیرقماربازان دریافت داشته‌اند.
به‌طور کلی این پژوهش نشان داد که میزان مشارکت دانشجویان در فعالیت‌های شرط‌بندی و میزان تمایل به چنین فعالیت‌هایی در بستری اجتماعی صورت می‌گیرد و تغییر چنین الگو‌های رفتاری منبعث از محیط اجتماعی در وهله اول نیازمند الگوسازی فرهنگی مناسب و در وهله دوم برنامه‌های پیشگیرانه و حمایتی برای گروه‌های هدف است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

An Explanation of Sports Betting among Students of Rasht Universities from the Perspective of Akers Social Learning Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akbar Aliverdinia 1
  • Said Kabiri 2
  • Mohammad Mahdi Rahmati 3
  • Seyedeh Masumeh Shadmanfa’at 4
1 Professor, Department of Sociology, Mazandaran University
2 PhD Student (Social Problem Studies of Iran), Mazandaran University
3 Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Guilan
4 MA (Sociology), University of Guilan
چکیده [English]

The main objective of this paper is to explain the process of engagement of individuals in sports betting. Hence, the hypotheses were tested by collecting the necessary data through distributing questionnaires among a sample of 272 students of the universities of the city of Rasht. The Akers theory of social learning was applied. The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant negative correlation between aspects of social learning theory, i.e. differential association, differential reinforcements, imitation and definition and consumption level and inclination towards sports betting of the respondents. Also the regression model of the research showed that the conceptual aspects of the social learning theory can predict 0.41 of variations of consumption level of sports betting and 0.47 percent of variations of inclination towards sports betting. Also the respondents who are engaged in betting in extreme and pathological forms have received higher level of social and environmental impacts compared to the occasional professional gamblers and non-gamblers. In general, The findings of this research indicate that the level of participation of students in betting activities and the level of their tendency towards such activities take place in the social milieu and any change in the behavioral patterns stemming from social context in the first place requires introduction of suitable cultural patterns and in the second place it needs preventive and supportive programs for the target groups.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Akers Social Learning Theory
  • Sports Betting
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