From Religion-Making of Reason to Religionization of Science
Alireza
Shojai-zand
Associate Professor, Tarbiat Modares University
author
text
article
2019
per
The study of the relationship between reason and religion and religion and reason is among one of the preliminary and necessary issues in sociology of religion. Its results, besides affecting the perspective, will also leave considerable impacts on the thematology of this branch of sociology and will help the scholars of religion and experts to take a correct stance and follow an appropriate policy towards the two recently emerged issues, i.e. “religion-making of reason” and “religionization of science”. After reviewing the possible and perceived relations between reason and religion, attempts have been made in this paper to reveal the border between admissible and inadmissible religionization. Also Islam’s approach to reason has been briefly studied. The findings of the paper show that Islam provides a vast domain for independent intellectual reflections, one of whose offspring is reason, and there is no religious and intellectual obligation for the separation of the path and opening of a special chapter called religious science.
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی راهبرد فرهنگ
دبیرخانه شورایعالی انقلاب فرهنگی
2008-3696
12
v.
46
no.
2019
7
40
http://www.jsfc.ir/article_100932_1f7ba0bd50bc0b6113d8cc2e98d7adf5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/jsfc.2019.100932
Allameh Tabatab’i and Evolution of the Signifier of Freedom in the Discourse of Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution
Mohammad Javad
Esmaili
Assistant Professor, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran
author
text
article
2019
per
For the first time attempts have been made in this article to study the role of Allameh Tabatab’i in the evolution of the signifier of “freedom” meant in the discourse of Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution. Discourse analysis has been employed in this research. Attempts have made to answer the following two questions: 1 – What is the role of Allamaeh Tabatab’i’s thought in the evolution of the signifier of freedom in Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution? 2 – What is the social mechanism of diffusion of Allameh Tabatab’i’s thought in connection with the discourse of the Islamic Revolution? The findings of this research show that although Allameh Tabatab’i lacked political strategy in the arena of revolution, he played a direct role (production of texts) and in an indirect role (through his disciples, intellectual circles and discursive communities) in the evolution of the signifier of freedom of the Islamic Revolution. In order to explain Allameh Tabatab’i’s direct role, Ernesto Laclau and ChantalMouffe’s discourse theory was used, and, in order to show his indirect role, that is, explanation of social mechanisms of connection between Allameh’s thought and the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, Foucault, Vesna Pusić and Rudolf Kalin’s theories were used. The findings of the paper indicate that Allameh, by reviving the agency position of “philosopher interpreter” and by focusing on conventional conception, participated in discursive debates from 1950s to 1970s and played a direct or indirect role of political agency in the discursive evolution of the three components (a. rejection of the hegemony of arrogance; b. freedom within the framework of Islam; and, c. criticism of freedom in the discourse of Western democracy) of the signifier of freedom meant in the discourse of the Islamic Revolution.
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی راهبرد فرهنگ
دبیرخانه شورایعالی انقلاب فرهنگی
2008-3696
12
v.
46
no.
2019
41
69
http://www.jsfc.ir/article_101234_b40c4f3b8949a0e254b474c63f5f76a2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/jsfc.2019.101234
“Theory Selection” from Thomas Kuhn’s Point of View
Hosein
Nikray
Phd (Philosophy of Science and Technology), Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
author
Alireza
Monajemi
Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy of Science and Technology, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
author
text
article
2019
per
This article is an attempt to explain and evaluate Thomas Kuhn's viewpoint on theory selection in natural sciences. Based on the dichotomy of discovery context-justification context, philosophers of science believe that since the process of discovery is not rule-governed, the process of theory choice, which is the context of justification, must inevitably be rule-governed; otherwise, the objectivity and rationality of science is lost. But Kuhn argued that the selection process is not rule-governed either, because the common selection criteria such as accuracy, scope, consistency, simplicity, and fertility do not function as precise and consistent rules by which a single choice is necessitated as a proof. The function of selection criteria is like that of values. Although they have an impact on selection, they do not entirely determine it. Moreover, values prepare the grounds for the intervening factors associated with the scientist’s life and manners and facilitate the possibility of differences of opinion among scientists. Does Kuhn, therefore, destroy the last bastion of objectivity and rationality of science? Is he a relativist or an admirer of irrationality? Kuhn never accepted such accusations.
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی راهبرد فرهنگ
دبیرخانه شورایعالی انقلاب فرهنگی
2008-3696
12
v.
46
no.
2019
71
103
http://www.jsfc.ir/article_100942_4ac9f2db7215b56208e18fda453332aa.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/jsfc.2019.100942
Interactive-expository Strategy of Teaching in Humanities
Afsaneh
Rahim Zadeh
MA (Curriculum Planning), Kurdistan University
author
Keyvan
Boland Hemmatan
Assistant Professor, Kurdistan University
author
Jamal
Salimi
Associate Professor, Kurdistan University
author
text
article
2019
per
The objective of this study is to find an appropriate approach for teaching humanities in Iranian universities. For this purpose, the teaching methods of distinguished professors of humanities and social sciences in Iran have been studied. In order to find out their teaching methods, an indirect method was used in this study: The lived experiences of young professors who were once students of those prominent professors about the latter’s teaching methods were represented in the form of recalling their memories. Interpretative phenomenology was used in this representation. The participants were purposefully selected and interviews for gathering the necessary data continued until theoretical saturation. The research results show that in teaching humanities and social sciences, distinguished professors employed two strategies: Structural strategy (regular and interactive classes); and, processual strategy (teaching in three phases: instructive, practical, and critical). These strategies were used to achieve the following ideals: Learning theoretical knowledge, ability to analyze and criticize, and imparting academic character to the students. The implementation of this teaching strategy required the professors to possess two characteristics: Consistent, unique and up-to-date knowledge; and, high degree of social skills in interacting with the students.
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی راهبرد فرهنگ
دبیرخانه شورایعالی انقلاب فرهنگی
2008-3696
12
v.
46
no.
2019
105
132
http://www.jsfc.ir/article_100936_533a07b45beac57e26c9dc305a3b0d94.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/jsfc.2019.100936
A Study of the Potential Impacts of Violent Videogames on Moral Behavior of Users Based on Rest-Narvaez' Model
Fatemeh
Vojdani
Assistant Professor, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran
author
Samira
Heydari
Phd (Philosophy of Education), University of Tehran
author
text
article
2019
per
The objective of this research is to study the potential impacts of violent videogames, as learning environments, on the moral behavior of users, based on Rest-Narvaez' Four-Component Model of moral functioning (Moral Sensitivity, Moral Reasoning, Moral Integrity, and Moral Courage). This approach is an attempt to offer a more precise explanation of the processes and components of learning and moral education. Descriptive–analytical research and research synthesis methods have been employed in this study. In the first place, the criteria of appropriate learning environment for moral education were extracted from Rest-Narvaez' model through descriptive–analytical method, and, then the potential effects of violent videogames on the four dimensions were studied and explained through the study of contemporary experimental evidence. The findings of the research show that these games not only do not reinforce the items related to the four components of Rest-Narvaez' model, but, on the contrary, they move in the opposite direction of educational recommendations of this model. Hence, they can leave serious destructive impacts on users' moral education. Finally, some suggestions are proposed for decreasing the negative impacts of violent videogames.
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی راهبرد فرهنگ
دبیرخانه شورایعالی انقلاب فرهنگی
2008-3696
12
v.
46
no.
2019
133
164
http://www.jsfc.ir/article_100940_544b7de1365f29f28d2a08987651fef5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/jsfc.2019.100940
Content Analysis of the Junior High School Textbooks in Terms of the Amount of Attention Paid to Components of the Cultural Capital
Mohammad
Herfati Sobhani Leylabadi
MA (Curriculum Planning), Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
author
text
article
2019
per
The purpose of this research is to analyze the content of the junior high school textbooks in terms of the amount of attention paid to the components of cultural capital. The present research is applied in terms of its objective and content analysis has been employed because of it nature. The contents of all junior high school textbooks in 2016-2017 constituted the statistical population of this study. The following textbooks, i.e. the Heavenly Messages, Persian Literature, Thought and Lifestyle and Social Studies of the seventh, eighth and ninth grades were selected through purposeful sampling for the sample of this study. The research tool consisted of a researcher-made checklist for analyzing the content of cultural capital within the framework of Bourdieu's theory. To evaluate the validity of the analysis checklist, content validity was used and its reliability was measured by Scott's pi. For data analysis, frequency and Shannon entropy method were used. The findings of the research show that the cultural capital component receives the lowest degree of attention, while the objectified and embodied cultural capital components enjoy a high degree of attention, and, the share of objectified component is more than that of others. Finally, based on the results, some suggestions are proposed for further studies.
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی راهبرد فرهنگ
دبیرخانه شورایعالی انقلاب فرهنگی
2008-3696
12
v.
46
no.
2019
165
196
http://www.jsfc.ir/article_100943_0c640582f2efc7cd404bfd60aa4beac6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/jsfc.2019.100943
An Analytical Study of Aspects and Components of Institutional Research: Presenting an Integrated Model of Institutional Research
Jafar
Toroghi
Phd (Higher Education development planning), Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran
author
Mahboobeh
Arefi
Associate Professor, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran
author
Mohammad
Yamani Douzi Sorkhabi
Professor, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran
author
Seyed Hadi
Marjaei
Assistant Professor, Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education (IRPHE)
author
text
article
2019
per
The objective of this paper is to analytically study the academic works of higher education experts on identification and conceptualization of different aspects and components of institutional research as well as to present an integrated model based on a functional approach. Institutional research is a set of activities aimed at supporting policy-making and planning for university development by an official central department. The present research is an attempt to identify and explore the institutional research constructs through analytical classification of the contents of related documents and texts. The extracted concepts were classified and analyzed in three steps, i.e. primary open coding, secondary open coding, and axial coding. The selected sample included 58 articles, out of which 52 were published between 1980 and 2015 in international journals outside the country and six of them were published in national journals. The findings of the research show four main categories and twelve subcategories. The four main categories are: Information authority, policy research, decision-making, and accountability. An integrated model of institutional research was developed on the basis of the findings of this research. This model can be a general framework for institutional research ideas and activities in the universities across the country.
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی راهبرد فرهنگ
دبیرخانه شورایعالی انقلاب فرهنگی
2008-3696
12
v.
46
no.
2019
197
223
http://www.jsfc.ir/article_100939_b53aeb07875fe04284a2a393d4dc6d85.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22034/jsfc.2019.100939